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Every device connected to the internet needs a unique identifier, and that is the role of an IP address, which functions like a home address for your computer, phone, or tablet. There are two versions in use today: IPv4, which uses four numbers separated by dots like 192.168.1.1, and IPv6, which uses longer addresses to accommodate the billions of devices now online. DNS, the Domain Name System, acts as the internet phonebook, translating human-friendly names like google.com into the numerical IP addresses that computers actually use. When you type a website address, your device queries DNS servers to find the correct IP, then connects to that destination. Understanding this process helps you diagnose connection problems, configure home routers, and grasp how websites load. Students studying IT should learn to use command-line tools like nslookup and dig to explore DNS records. This foundational knowledge connects directly to careers in networking, system administration, and cybersecurity.
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